02660nas a2200145   4500008004100000245018500041210006900226260001300295300001400308490000700322520209300329100002102422700002302443856004802466       2008                        eng d00aMolecular phylogenies and historical biogeography of a circumtropical group of gastropods (Genus: <i>Nerita</i>): implications for regional diversity patterns in the marine tropics0 aMolecular phylogenies and historical biogeography of a circumtro  c2008 Sep  a1067-10860 v483 aTo determine how historical processes, namely speciation, extinction, and dispersal, have contributed to regional species diversity patterns across the marine tropics, we examined the biogeographical history of a circumtropical genus of intertidal gastropods. A species-level phylogeny of Nerita, representing approximately 87% of extant species, was developed from 1608bp of mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and nuclear (ATPSalpha) markers. Phylogenetic relationships generally corresponded to prior classifications; however, comprehensive sampling revealed a number of previously undetected ESUs. Using the resulting tree as a framework, we combined geographical distributions and fossil evidence to reconstruct ancestral ranges, produce a time-calibrated chronogram, and estimate diversification rates. Analyses revealed two monophyletic eastern Pacific+Atlantic (EPA) clades, each of which likely split from an Indo-West Pacific (IWP) sister clade prior to an early Miocene Tethys Seaway closure. More recent diversification throughout the IWP appears to have been driven by both vicariance and dispersal events; EPA diversity has been further shaped by speciation across the Central American Seaway prior to its closure and dispersal across the Atlantic. Despite the latter, inter-regional dispersal has been rare, and likely contributes little to regional diversity patterns. Similarly, infrequent transitions into temperate regions combined with reduced diversification rates may explain low diversity in West and South Pacific clades. Since origination, Nerita diversification appears remarkably constant, with the exception of a lag in the late Eocene-early Oligocene and elevated rates in the late Oligocene-early Miocene. However, a comparison among regions suggested that IWP clades have experienced, on average, higher rates of speciation. Fossil evidence indicates that the EPA likely witnessed greater extinction relative to the IWP. We propose that regional differences in species diversity in Nerita have been largely shaped by differential rates of speciation and extinction.1 aFrey, Melissa, A1 aVermeij, Geerat, J  uhttps://neritopsine.myspecies.info/node/23102325nas a2200169   4500008004100000245009800041210006900139260001300208300001200221490000700233520177900240100002202019700002102041700002502062700002002087856004802107       2008                        eng d00aContrasting demographic history and phylogeographical patterns in two Indo-Pacific gastropods0 aContrasting demographic history and phylogeographical patterns i  c2008 Jan  a611-6260 v173 aMarine species with ranges that span the Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA) exhibit a range of phylogeographical patterns, most of which are interpreted in the context of vicariance between Indian and Pacific Ocean populations during Pliocene and Pleistocene low sea-level stands. However, patterns often vary among ecologically similar taxa, sometimes even within genera. This study compares phylogeographical patterns in two species of highly dispersive neritid gastropod, Nerita albicilla and Nerita plicata, with nearly sympatric ranges that span the Indo-Pacific. Mitochondrial COI sequences from >1000 individuals from 97 sites reveal similar phylogenies in both species (two divergent clades differing by 3.2% and 2.3%, for N. albicilla and N. plicata, respectively). However, despite ecological similarity and congeneric status, the two species exhibit phylogeographical discordance. N. albicilla has maintained reciprocal monophyly of Indian and Pacific Ocean populations, while N. plicata is panmictic between oceans, but displays a genetic cline in the Central Pacific. Although this difference might be explained by qualitatively different demographic histories, parameter estimates from three coalescent models indicate that both species have high levels of gene flow between demes (2Nem>75), and share a common history of population expansion that is likely associated with cyclical flooding of continental shelves and island lagoons following low sea-level stands. Results indicate that ecologically similar, codistributed species may respond very differently to shared environmental processes, suggesting that relatively minor differences in traits such as pelagic larval duration or microhabitat association may profoundly impact phylogeographical structure.1 aCrandall, Eric, D1 aFrey, Melissa, A1 aGrosberg, Richard, K1 aBarber, Paul, H  uhttps://neritopsine.myspecies.info/node/23200354nas a2200109   4500008004100000245006600041210005900107300000800166490000700174100001500181856004800196       2008                        eng d00aA revised classification of the gastropod genus <i>Nerita</i>0 arevised classification of the gastropod genus iNeritai  a1-70 v511 aFrey, M.A.  uhttps://neritopsine.myspecies.info/node/233